What is sexual dysfunction?

S*xual dysfunction refers to anything that prevents you from experiencing pleasure during s*xual activity. A lack of pleasure or s*xual desire can be a sign of s*xual dysfunction. This disorder is very common and easily treatable. Factors such as stress, health problems, medications, or previous s*xual trauma can be the cause.

S*xual dysfunction can occur at any point in the s*xual response cycle. This cycle is a four-stage model of a person's response to s*xual stimulation. It includes:

• Arousal: This phase involves sexual desire and arousal. It encompasses much of the s*xual activity leading up to intercourse, such as foreplay, penile erection, or clitoral swelling.
• Plateau: This is the phase preceding orgasm. Heart rate, muscle tension, and breathing increase. The p*nis may secrete pre-ejaculatory fluid.
• Orgasm: A sudden release of s*xual tension and pleasure in the genitals. Ejaculation occurs during orgasm.
• Resolution: The period of calm following orgasm. Your body relaxes and your genitals return to their normal state. Although research suggests that s*xual dysfunction is common, many people do not like to discuss it. Given the availability of treatment options, it is advisable to share your concerns with your partner and your healthcare provider.

Symptoms                                          

Symptoms vary depending on the type of s*xual dysfunction. They may include:

• Low sexual desire:  This most common type of female s*xual dysfunction is characterized by a lack of interest in s*x and an inability to have s*xual intercourse.
• Arousal disorder:  Even if you want s*x, it can sometimes be difficult to achieve or maintain arousal.
• Orgasmic disorder: You have persistent difficulty achieving orgasm, even with sufficient s*xual arousal.
• Sexual pain disorder:  You experience pain during intercourse.

Causes

S*xual dysfunction often occurs during hormonal changes. This can occur after childbirth or during menopause. Serious illnesses, such as cancer, diabetes, or heart disease, can also worsen s*xual dysfunction.

Factors that worsen s*xual problems include:

• Physical: Medical problems can cause s*xual dysfunction. These factors can include cancer, diabetes, kidney failure, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and bladder problems. Certain medications can decrease s*xual desire and make orgasm difficult. These include medications used to treat depression, high blood pressure, allergies, and cancer.
• Hormonal: Low estrogen levels after menopause can lead to changes in genital tissue and response to s*xual intercourse. Low estrogen levels reduce blood flow to the pelvis, which can lead to decreased sensation in the genitals and a longer time to arousal and orgasm.
• The vaginal lining also becomes thinner and less elastic: S*xual inactivity can worsen the situation. These factors can lead to painful intercourse, known as dyspareunia. S*xual desire also decreases when hormone levels drop.

The body's hormone levels change after childbirth and during breastfeeding, which can cause vaginal dryness and affect s*xual desire.

• Psychological and social: Untreated anxiety or depression can cause or worsen s*xual dysfunction. So can prolonged stress, a history of s*xual abuse, pregnancy-related worries, and the demands of motherhood.

Relationship problems can affect your s*x life, as can cultural and religious issues and body image concerns.

Diagnosis

Because s*xual dysfunctions vary widely, the doctor may perform several tests to determine the cause of symptoms and make a diagnosis.

This diagnosis begins with a few questions about the symptoms, when they began, and whether treatment relieves or worsens them. The doctor may ask personal questions, such as the frequency of sexual intercourse and any adjustments made to relieve current symptoms.

The doctor may then recommend diagnostic tests, including:

• A pelvic exam
• An STI screening
• Medical imaging
• A hormonal analysis
• A mental health assessment

How female sexual dysfunction impacts women?

S*xual dysfunction, regardless of s*xual orientation, is more correlated with poor mental health and negative feelings toward one's partner than with serum hormone evels.

Normal changes related to age and relationship duration should not be confused with a desire/interest disorder. Desire disorder is diagnosed when there is a lack of anticipated s*xual desire, and desire as well as pleasure, arousal, and excitement cannot be aroused during s*xual activity, resulting in distress.

The most common syndrome is a lack of initial desire, low subjective arousal, such that desire is not aroused at any point during intercourse, and rare or absent orgasms.

Treatment 

S*xual dysfunction is only problematic if it bothers you. If it doesn't bother you, you don't need treatment. However, if your s*xual dysfunction affects your relationship, consulting a therapist may be helpful.

Female s*xual dysfunction has many symptoms and possible causes, so treatment varies. Don't hesitate to discuss your concerns with your healthcare professional.

You also need to understand how your body reacts to s*x and what you expect from it. This will help you choose a treatment and determine if it's right for you.

In most cases, a combination of treatments that includes medical, relational, and emotional aspects is most effective.

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